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No, this is not a reference to the HAL 9000 from Clarke's 2001: A Space Odyssey,
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Quick Answer
HAL is an acronym for Hypertext Application Language and is designed to provide "...a set of conventions for expressing hyperlinks in either JSON or XML." HAL is an IANA registered media type. This enables RESTful APIs to return JSON* containing hypertext (aka hypermedia) which can be easily interpreted by machine and human agents. Because it is a registered media type, developers can specify application/hal+json
as the value for the Content-Type response header.
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